Noun Affixes
Noun affixes are affixes that form nouns upon addition to root words. The following are examples of noun affixes: Type of noun affixes Affix Example of root word Example of derived word Prefix pə(r)- ~ pəng- duduk (sit) pen duduk (population) kə- hendak (want) ke hendak (desire) Infix ⟨əl⟩ tunjuk (point) t el unjuk (index finger, command) ⟨əm⟩ kelut (dishevelled) k em elut (chaos, crisis) ⟨ər⟩ gigi (teeth) g er igi (toothed blade) Suffix -an bangun (wake up, raise) bangun an (building) Circumfix kə-...-an raja (king) ke raja an (kingdom) pə(r)-...-an pəng-...-an kerja (work) pe kerja an (occupation) The prefix per- drops its r before r, l and frequently before p, t, k. In some words it is peng- ; though formally distinct, these are treated as variants of the same prefix in Indonesian grammar books.