Partial Reduplication
Partial reduplication occurs only with bases(root words) which begin with a consonant. It involves placing before the base a syllable consisting of the first consonant of the base followed by ‘e’.
This type of reduplication is no longer productive in the language; it occurs with a few bases, mainly nouns, and can not be applied to others. The reduplicated word has a meaning which is the same as that of the single form or related to. Sometimes, as in the first example below, the historical relationship is not obvious:
Meaning | |
tangga | ladder |
jaka | bachelor |
laki | husband |
luhur | noble |
tamu | guest |
tua | old |
Meaning | |
tetangga | neighbor |
jejaka | bachelor |
lelaki | man |
leluhur | ancestor |
tetamu | guests |
tetua | elders |